Peñaflor: Celti, Architecture and Festival Traditions
Culture and History
Celti was the predecessor of Peñaflor and was located next to the present-day town center. The settlement was inhabited from the 8th century BC to the 5th century AD. In the Flavian era, from AD 74 onward, Celti was granted the status of a municipium civium Romanorum.
The Casas Cuevas Archaeological Complex is a cultural facility opened in 2011 in the Barrio de la MorerÃa, in the heart of Peñaflor. It is located next to the remains of the Almohad castle and the parish church of San Pedro Apóstol. The complex forms part of Celti’s eastern Roman necropolis and was later used as living space in simple dwellings.
The Cueva Robledo Blanco is included in a proposed tour that leads through the Casas Cuevas area and the historic center of Peñaflor.
Buildings and Sacred Sites
The Church of San Pedro Apóstol is a building protected as a Bien de Interés Cultural, dating from the transition between the Baroque and Neoclassical periods. Its construction began in 1780 and was completed in 1801. It contains a 16th-century crucifix, a Neoclassical high altar, and a historic organ installed in 1801.
The Castillo de Peñaflor was classified as a Bien de Interés Cultural on June 25, 1985, and entered in the General Catalogue of Andalusian Historical Heritage.
The medieval tower of Villadiego, from which the Ermita de Nuestra Señora de Villadiego emerged, dates from the late 13th or early 14th century. It was built in the Mudéjar style, has an octagonal floor plan, and is crowned with battlements. The entrance courtyard of the Ermita de Nuestra Señora de Villadiego houses a collection of Roman archaeological pieces.
Festivals and Regional Cuisine
The traditional Andalusian breakfast in Peñaflor is prepared with artisanally produced PanFlor bread, locally sourced olive oil, and tomatoes from local gardens. A cultural route through Peñaflor includes a visit to the Panflor artisan bakery, with a tasting of typical products.
During the RomerÃa of Peñaflor, the Virgin of Villadiego is accompanied from the Ermita de Nuestra Señora de Villadiego to the Church of San Pedro Apóstol. The Feria then begins, regarded as Peñaflor’s main festival.
The wedding house of Blas Infante in Peñaflor, where he married and lived, preserves its original architecture.
Getting There and Routes
Medium-distance trains between Jaén and Cádiz stop in Peñaflor.
A hiking route in the area surrounding the municipality of Peñaflor is considered an opportunity to discover the remains of the Minas de Peñaflor.
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